Posted by
Patrick "Sarge" Murray on Saturday, February 19, 2011 1:00:00 PM
Ronald Wilson Reagan, the actor who became our 40th President, died of pneumonia on June 5, 2004, at age 93. Gone but never-to-be-forgotten is the man who was the greatest president of the 20th Century, even supassing the successful minimalist approach of the underrated, low-profile Calvin Coolidge. Their greatness was defined in part by their leadership styles that were tailor-made for their times, though also by their optimism and their ultimate belief in America's capability, its future potential, and its overall greatness, although Reagan had considerably more charisma and style. But both also believed in the idea that people were better at solutions than government, and that the private sector was far more effective at fulfilling most of society’s needs than bureaucratic central planning. “Entrepreneurs and their small enterprises are responsible for almost all the economic growth in America,” the Gipper once said.
Those on the left of the political spectrum both at home and abroad derided Reagan for his “cowboy” image (much as they maligned Bush-43 20 years later for ostensibly the same reason) and the attitudes that accompanied it, but in so doing they failed to consider that being 'cowboys' is part of America's secret to our success and a symbolic image of American exceptionalism. It is a sign of how much we value our individual liberties -- as opposed to 'Old Europe' which puts equality ahead of freedom, regardless of cost -- as well as our pioneering spirit to blaze new trails and push back boundaries. By that token, it is no surprise that for the better part of 150 years, America has become a fountainhead of so many new inventions that have changed the world -- from the light bulb to the telephone to an automobile for the masses -- and we're the first, and still the only ones to land on the Moon. Reagan personified all these great things, and he emerged on the national scene when we needed him the most.
The 1970s were not a decade to be fondly remembered for America, and I'm not talking about disco, either. Even in 1979, we were still smarting from having lost Vietnam -- thanks to liberal politicians who wouldn't let the generals fight the war, and liberals in the press who tried to convince a befuddled nation that we were losing despite our military successes. If that were not enough, the supposed intelligentsia peddled the notion that America had already reached its apogee of success, and that we should all accept the fact that our days of glory were behind us for good. Heck, this same intelligentsia was also saying how immoral we were and that we deserved to lose Vietnam because we were just so arrogant to think that the Vietnamese people didn't want to be enslaved by communism!
Worst of all, at home under then-President Jimmy Carter, we were dealing with double-digit unemployment, inflation and interest rates (yes, the double digits applied to all three) -- the lethal ingredients that made up Carter's "Misery Index." We were also facing an energy crisis due to price controls on those important commodities, which Carter refused to touch. Instead of dealing with these problems that were making a mess of our economy, Carter's approach was to blame the American people first -- a habit he has sadly not broken to this day. On July 15, 1979, in what became known as his "Malaise Speech," he said America was suffering a "crisis of confidence" and a state of "paralysis, stagnation and drift." He berated Americans for being too greedy, keeping their thermostats too high and taking vacations. After the speech bombed (no surprise there!), he turned on his Cabinet and demanded that they all resign.
Abroad, things were no better. Just two days after the Malaise Speech, Marxists launched a communist coup in Nicaragua. Likewise sensing a wimp in the White House, The Russian Commies invaded Afghanistan that same year. But that was nothing compared to what happened in Iran. That same year, the Ayatollah incited some of his citizens to storm sovereign United States territory -- the embassy in Tehran -- and take 66 of our fellow Americans hostage, 52 of whom would remain captured for over a year. Carter's response? A botched rescue attempt, followed by the usual economic sanctions and sitting on one's hands. No wonder we had a confidence crisis.
All that was before Reagan came along. Rather than focus on the justifiable anger against Carter -- personified by the saying "I'm sick of America getting pushed around!" -- his 1980 campaign was based on his own personal optimism that, contrary to what those on the left were saying, America's best days were still yet to come. He knew better than the intelligentsia; he knew that the character of the American people was too great not to succeed, that there was not a foe we could not conquer, that there was no reason for us not to prosper so long as we did not stand in the way of free enterprise. The American people responded to his optimism in kind, and elected him that year; he carried 44 states, and get 489 electoral college votes compared with Carter's forty-nine -- in short, he won by a landslide.
Reagan's victory over the incumbent Carter caused autocrats all over the world to take notice -- the people had replaced a Mahatma Gandhi-wannabe with John Wayne. Credit the Ayatollah and Co. in Iran for taking notice; within 36 minutes of Reagan's inauguration on Jan. 20, 1981, he received the news that the Iranian government had released the American hostages after 444 days and had already put them on a plane headed for the States. If that were not enough, during Reagan’s inaugural address, the decade-long nightmare of economic stagnation was coming to an end with the new tone in Washington, evident in his inaugural speech. “We are a nation that has a government – not the other way around!” If only the current occupant in the White House understand this fundamental truism!
At home, the Misery Index under Carter had seen its last days after Reagan cut taxes and opened the door to the longest period of economic peacetime prosperity to date.
Meanwhile, the Soviet aggression in Afghanistan was turned back, and thanks to brilliant leadership, along with Oliver North's management, the Marxists were defeated in Nicaragua. It was "Morning in America" again, and The Gipper made that possible.
Before Reagan, the popular belief was that presidents were only successful in their executive duties when they were miserable, that the job of president destroyed its occupants. Reagan took the opposite approach; he viewed the presidency as something fun; indeed, upon taking office, he said, " [T]his is fun. Let's saddle up and go for a ride.''
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Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on Feb. 6, 1911 in Tampico, Ill. He grew up in Dixon Ill., and as a senior in high school, he was the student body president, and a stand-out in football, basketball and track. After graduating from Eureka College (Ill.) in 1932 with a degree in economics (where he also played football), he became a sportscaster for an NBC affiliate radio station in Davenport, Iowa. Although he grew up in the Midwest, California became his adopted home state, first moving there temporarily in 1933 to cover the Chicago Cubs' spring training. By 1937, he started to permanently reside in the Golden State when he signed a seven-year acting contract with Warner Brothers for $200 a week -- good money for the time.
Reagan's nickname "The Gipper" came from his role of legendary Notre Dame football player George Gipp in the 1940 film Knute Rockne, All-American. In the film, Gipp gives his deathbed message of "win one for the Gipper" to his coach, Knute Rockne, and the message became the stuff of sports legend, especially in college football. Indeed, Reagan attributed part of his success as president to his acting background. Indeed, he credited his professional background with his ability to communicate well, hence his reputation as "The Great Communicator."
Reagan started to find politics after WWII; he was elected to the Screen Actors Guild in 1947 for what would be five consecutive terms, but his great political awakening occurred at the end of the 1940s when Richard Nixon in Congress and Joe McCarthy in the Senate were exposing the Soviet spies that had honeycombed the State and Justice Departments since FDR's administration. By the early 1950s, Reagan was making a name for himself as a persuasive conservative speaker in addition to his acting (he became the host for CBS' weekly TV series General Electric Theater in 1953). By 1956, still a Democrat, he nonetheless campaigned for Dwight Eisenhower. He finally switched parties in 1962 ("I didn't leave the Democrats, they left me," he used to say). He kicked off his own political career in 1964 when he gave his "A Time for Choosing" speech, in which he endorsed Republican Presidential candidate Barry Goldwater; two years later, The Gipper was elected governor of California, an office he would retain for two full terms.
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Reagan's economic recovery, which he implemented upon taking office was not that complicated. His system was simply based on "Supply-Side Economics," which called for, among other things, cutting taxes, which would allow more people to spend more of their own money, and pump it into the economy. His belief in supply-side economics was again based on his optimism that the American people were capable of being successful on their own, without an intrusive big government to decide how people should or should not be successful. In truth, he made no bones about his distrust for government when it came to economic policy. Thus he once said during a conference on small businesses on Aug. 15, 1986: "Government's view of the economy could be summed up in a few short phrases: If it moves, tax it. If it keeps moving, regulate it. And if it stops moving, subsidize it."
His system of supply-side economics worked then, and still works to this day, as we did see the strongest period of economic growth in 20 years due to the same measures having taken place under George W. Bush (that is, before the Democrats took control of Congress after 2006) that Ronald Reagan implemented at the beginning of the 1980s.
Those who derided Reagan because of "soaring deficits" do so erroneously. For one, the federal deficit must be compared with the GDP (for the benefit of you IU and Kentucky fans, that's "Gross Domestic Product") of the time. During strong economic growth, a larger deficit is not that big of a deal, and indeed, economic growth historically has lead us out of deficits (barring a massive reduction in government spending, something that is long overdue!). Furthermore, those who blame Reagan for the deficit in the '80s forget two major things, namely the fact that liberals in Congress could not control their own social spending addictions, and that the president had a Cold War to win, which required serious investments in the strengthening of our military.
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Although Reagan led America back into economic prosperity, his greatest legacy was his having won the Cold War. He accomplished this in no small measure by his different approach to the Soviets. Instead of trying to appease the Communists -- a recipe for disaster, as half of Europe was subsumed by Soviet imperialism in the immediate years after WWII due to such appeasement -- Reagan faced them head-on. He also had the gumption to identify them as they were -- evil. He gave his famous "Evil Empire" speech about the Soviet Union to the British House of Commons on June 8, 1982, rightfully calling communist Russia "the focus of evil in the modern world." Needless to say, this sent the left into apoplexy, for while Reagan was busy trying to deliver America and the world from this evil, they were busy writing mash notes to the Kremlin. Part of facing the Soviet threat head-on meant building a stronger military; this sent the liberals into hysteria, panicking as though Reagan was somehow leading us into nuclear annihilation. The subsequent events have proven that those naysayers were on the wrong side of history then, and still are today.
The American people certainly had confidence in Reagan as he brought morning back to America. Despite all the red meat Walter F. Mondale threw at the left during the 1984 election -- he bragged that he opposed the F-14 fighter, the M-1 tank, the B-1 bomber, even an increase in military salaries, Had he had his way in 1967, he would have dismantled the space program, too. -- Reagan won again by an even bigger landslide than he did in 1980; this time he carried 49 states. Even Mondale's own state of Minnesota chose The Great Communicator. Of course, the Cold War was far from won at that point, and Reagan kept pressing on.
The year 1985 would prove to be a key year in our victory over the Evil Empire, for that was the year that their hegemonic influence came to a screeching halt when he helped the Contras kick the Marxists out of Nicaragua. In the wake of our success, the Democrats in Congress acted as though some sort of illegal activity -- the "Iran-Contra" affair -- had taken place, but that's only because it's illegal, in the liberal Democrat worldview, to do anything that's in our own national interest, especially defeating communism.
The following year, 1986, was another milestone in Reagan's Cold War victory when he joined Soviet "President" Mikhail Gorbechev in Reikjavik to discuss possible arms reductions. Gorbechev offered a massive arms reduction on one condition; that Reagan would agree to scrap his Strategic Defense Initiative that he introduced three years earlier. That he could not give up, and so he walked out on Gorby (one of the first lessons in business is that you have to be willing to walk away from the deal if the terms become intolerable). As Reagan boarded Air Force One out of Iceland, he told the press his aim was victory, not agreement. "The ultimate goal of American foreign policy," he said, "is not the prevention of war, but the expansion of freedom." You can imagine how badly panicked the New York Times got over that quote! In hindsight, though, that meeting in a cottage in Iceland’s capital would prove to be the last great battle of the Cold War. By refusing to abandon SDI, Ronaldus Magnus had consigned the Evil Empire to the dustbin of history.
Naturally, this was in line with his own predictions. Slightly over a quarter century earlier, Nikita Khrushchev was blustering to America that “we will bury you,” meaning that the Soviet system would outlast the American way of life. The intelligentsia, from “historian” Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., to pretend-economist John Kenneth Galbraith, in all their moral confusion, were able to delude themselves into thinking that this could very well be true. Reagan, not surprisingly, had an entirely different vision of the future. In his Westminster address given on June 3, 2002, Reagan gave his famous prognostication, saying "[t]he march of freedom and democracy...will leave Marxism-Leninism on the ash-heap of history as it has left other tyrannies which stifle the freedom and muzzle the self-expression of the people."
Perhaps the most memorable milestone, though, took place on June 12, 1987, when he gave his historic speech in Berlin, in front of the Berlin Wall and the Brandenburg Gate. Reagan, not known to mince words when freedom was on the line, bluntly told Gorbechev, "If you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization, come here to this gate. Mr. Gorbechev, open this gate! Mr. Gorbechev, tear down this wall!"
By that time, Gorbechev was starting to get the message, and to reward him for his good behavior, Reagan signed with him the Immediate Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty on Dec. 8, 1987, which eliminated all U.S. Pershing II and Soviet SS-20 immediate-range missiles in Europe. Although Reagan went against his conservative base in doing so, by that time, the Soviets were in such bad shape trying to keep up with American military might and deal with their poorly-run economy at the same time that it became hopeless for them to amount any more serious threats, even with our missile withdrawl from Europe. For all intents and purposes, the signing of the INF Treaty signaled victory for the U.S. in the Cold War.
While fighting the Cold War, Reagan also set the precedence for fighting terrorism as well. Terror was already starting to become a problem in those days, though not as much as it would in the 1990s and 2000s. When Libyan-backed terrorists bombed a discotheque in Berlin, killing some American troops in the process, Reagan bombed Muammar Qadaffi's offices in Tripoli. We didn't hear from Qadaffi again until last year, when he finally decided to join the civilized world after being reminded by George W. Bush what America was capable of doing if Libya were to incur America's ire again.
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If winning the Cold War weren't a good enough legacy, Reagan left his positive mark elsewhere in politics as well. He basically transformed the Republican Party. Before Reagan, Republicans were best cited by Jack Kemp or Richard Lugar: rather strong on foreign policy issues, unreliably strong on economic issues, but weak on social issues. In earlier eras, they could afford to be weak on social issues, because liberalism hadn't begotten the fallout from the era of "free love" that help characterized the 1960s and '70s, nor the “self-esteem” industrial complex that his poisoned our educational system. Suffice it to say that during that time, they were a bit "behind the eight ball," to use the old adage. Reagan changed all that, too. He ushered in a new era for the party's ideology, one in which its members would be conservative on all three areas of policy, across the board. This shift in Republican ideology invited in new members, namely Southern Democrats who were repulsed by the new "anything goes" mentality that their erstwhile party was only too happy to coddle (to say nothing of the nanny state mentality that has curdled the Party since the days of Woodrow Wilson and FDR). These "Reagan Democrats" became part of the new strong base that has helped define the traditional views of Middle America. In short, Reagan overhauled the Republican Party, and made it far more viable in the marketplace as times changed; he adapted, and the party had no choice but to adapt with him.
He introduced what were then new ideas in the Executive Branch. Since FDR, it was conventional wisdom that big government was the mechanism to right all wrongs. Indeed, the Obamunists continue to operate under this false premise to this very day, much to our national detriment. Reagan, however, acted on the belief that the people didn't need more government programs and subsidies, they need government to get out of their way. “[G]overnment is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem,” Reagan announced during his inaugural address as President. This guiding belief remains the central maxim of the Republican Party to this day, though some of its members are still not above apostasy, to be sure.
As mentioned previously, I have made the assertion that both Calvin Coolidge and Ronald Reagan are the two greatest Presidents of the 20th Century. One thing probably puts Reagan ahead of Coolidge, aside from style and communication ability, in terms of overall greatness was the danger to which he responded. To paraphrase historian/pundit George Will, Reagan's greatness can be summed up by taking note that the dangers that summoned him have since been so thoroughly defeated, in so small measure by what he did, that it is difficult to remember the magnitude of the dangers themselves, let alone his achievements -- particularly for those my age, who were in grade school while he was in the White House. If you're looking for a monument to Ronald Reagan, look around and consider what you do not see, such as communist slavery in parts of Europe were it once ran rampant.
A loving husband, he married his closest friend in Nancy on Mar. 4, 1952. He had two loves of his life; one was his wife Nancy, and the other was with the American people; the people responded in kind. He was also a man of deep faith, and made it no secret that his faith in God was the wellspring from which he derived his conservative core beliefs. Nor did he restrict faith as the source for such beliefs to himself, either. "No arsenal or no weapon in the arsenals of the world is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men and women," he said during his first inaugural address. He also credited America's strong overall religious faith in part to our military victories, as he said in Normandy, France, on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day, June 6, 1984, " The men of Normandy had faith that what they were doing was right, faith that they fought for all humanity, faith that a just God would grant them mercy on this beachhead or the next. It was the deep knowledge -- and pray God we have not lost it -- that there is a profound moral difference between the use of force for liberation and the use of force for conquest."
So many presidents left the White House as shells of their former selves (e.g., LBJ and Carter); Reagan left office after two wildly successful terms still upbeat and on a wave of national popularity that is still yet to crest. His public announcement that he had Alzheimers in 1994 was a blow to us all, and Middle America can now take heart that he no longer has to suffer.
His belief in America's greatness was due to his unshakeable beliefs in the people's greatness, which translated into his confidence that people could be successful on their own, so long as government got our of their way. As he said on Sept. 29, 1981, "We who live in free market societies believe that growth, prosperity and ultimately human fulfillment, are created from the bottom up, not the government down. Only when the human spirit is allowed to invent and create, only when individuals are given a personal stake in deciding economic policies and benefiting from their success -- only then can societies remain economically alive, dynamic, progressive, and free. Trust the people. This is the one irrefutable lesson of the entire postwar period contradicting the notion that rigid government controls are essential to economic development."
His optimism in America's greatest days to come was therefore manifest in these beliefs, that so long as the people continue to be able to achieve great things, this country will reap the benefits of our achievements. It is in this way, that by living up to our potential, and drawing on our gumption to live out the American Dream and thus keep America prospering and strong, that we can honor this great man and President; that by making sure Morning stays in America, we'll always be winning one for the Gipper. May God bless Ronald Reagan, and may God Bless the United States of America.
Addendum:
Some links to some great Reagan quotes